Scotland’s historical birth, marriage, and death records—24 million images spanning from 1855 to the present—are currently locked as indexed images that researchers can only search one name at a time, forcing them to manually transcribe each detail they need. This makes large-scale population studies impossible. The project will transcribe every record into machine-readable text, creating a searchable dataset covering roughly 18 million individuals. That data can then be linked to existing Scottish health records and longitudinal studies, allowing researchers to trace family characteristics—occupation, longevity, cause of death—across multiple generations. The key problem is that people who survive to have children and grandchildren are not representative of the entire historic population; without complete transcription, any analysis based only on descendants is biased. Success would give the UK a population data system comparable to those in Scandinavia and the Netherlands, where such registers have already transformed demography, economic history, and social history. This is fundamental science with no immediate practical application, but it will enable researchers to ask new questions about how family background, place, and era shape health and life outcomes across generations.
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This project aims to digitise the 24 million vital events record images (births, marriages and deaths) for all people in Scotland since 1855 (ie transcribe them into machine encoded text). This will allow research access to individual level information on some 18 million individuals, a large proportion of those who have ever lived in Scotland between 1855 to the present day. At the moment these records are kept as indexed images. This means that to extract any data, a researcher must search for an individual record by name and then manually transcribe the information they need themselves (eg cause of death, occupation etc.); this of course makes any large scale research impossible. A one off investment would mean that these records could made available for major population research. This dataset will be prepared for linkage to existing longitudinal studies, primarily the Scottish Longitudinal Study (SLS), and more generally to the already highly developed Scottish health informatics systems. This will allow the characteristics (place of birth, age at marriage, occupation, longevity, cause of death etc) of parents, grandparents and other relatives of those followed by the SLS to be analysed and will therefore enhance contemporary Scottish and UK health datasets, health informatics systems, longitudinal datasets and genetic studies. People surviving to have children, grandchildren and other descendents are unlikely to be fully representative of the historic population of Scotland, and the complete transcription will importantly enable a complete linkage exercise between the different to create full or partial life histories for all those experiencing vital events in Scotland since 1855.This will mean that for the first time the UK will have a data system of a similar potential depth and breadth as the Scandinavian and Low countries, whose population registers provide such life histories, with countries, where work such as those using "The Demographic Database" at Umeá University, Sweden; the "Historical Population Registers" Project at the Norwegian Historical Data Centre, University of Tromso, Norway and the Historical Sample of the Netherlands, based at the International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam, Netherlands is currently extending knowledge of demography as well as economic and social history over the nineteenth and early decades of the twentieth century. Such a dataset will bring the possibility of exploring the condition of the present Scottish population within the context of their families through multiple generations of micro-data.
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