Quantum NV-hBN Resonators for Advanced Sensing Applications

This project aims to develop advanced sensors by integrating Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centres into hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) resonators, a combination that promises significant advancements in quantum sensing technology. By employing the unique quantum properties of NV centres, known for their high sensitivity to external magnetic, pressure, and temperature fields and mass, and coupling them with the robust properties of hybridized hBN resonators, this project seeks to create highly sensitive quantum sensors. This project will push the limits of what is possible in quantum sensing. We aim to develop sensors that can measure incredibly small forces and environmental stimuli at room conditions rather than the currently prevailing esoterically low pressure and temperature conditions. Achieving this requires overcoming several key challenges: controlling the vibrational modes of hBN hybrids, increasing their quality factors while minimizing their effective mass, and ensuring the reproducibility of the fabrication process. Overcoming these challenges will not only advance our understanding of quantum resonators but will also make them practical platforms for real-world sensor applications. Our approach is focused on the crucial task of mastering control over specific resonant modes of hBN hybrids to optimize sensor performance. The resonant modes describe the ways in which the hBN resonator deforms and emits quantized photons. Controlling them will greatly enhance the sensor's ability to detect minute changes in its environment. Additionally, developing a reliable and consistent fabrication process is a vital to enable reduction to engineering practice. We will test and refine techniques such as nitrogen ion implantation and annealing to stabilize NV defects within hBN crystals and using advanced lithographic methods to improve predictability and control of resonator shape and dimensions . Another critical focus is minimizing the mass loading effects incurred in hybridizing those resonators with high-stress silicon nitride membranes, while enhancing their quality factor, which is a measure of how effectively the resonator can store energy. This research is especially relevant given a growing demand for highly sensitive and accurate sensing solutions, in medical diagnostics, for early detection of disease, environmental monitoring, to improve our ability to detect pollutants and greenhouse gases, and materials science research to characterize materials, their interaction forces at nano-scale. The success of this project is supported by strong collaboration between leading researchers in the UK and Canada, bringing together a wealth of expertise in structural dynamics at the nano-scale, quantum technology and advanced material science. Moreover, our use of cutting-edge fabrication techniques ensures that the sensors produced will not only be highly effective but also reproducible and scalable, making them viable for widespread use. By combining theoretical insights with practical innovation, this project is set to make a meaningful impact on both the scientific community and the broader field of quantum sensing, paving the way for new technologies and applications that were previously out of reach.