Biocontrol agents to protect european nuts and dried figs from aflatoxins contamination

AflaBiocontrol aims to mitigate aflatoxin contamination in European almond, pistachio, and fig-producing areas through innovative biocontrol solutions. Ubiquitous fungi, primarily Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, produce aflatoxins that pose significant health risks when humans or animals consume contaminated food or feed. These mycotoxins have far-reaching implications affecting UN Sustainable Development Goals related to food security, poverty reduction, and public health, with climate change exacerbating contamination risks across Mediterranean production systems. Based on my expertise in phytopathology, fungal epidemiology, and contamination risk management, AflaBiocontrol employs a systematic approach to select the most competitive atoxigenic A. flavus strains as biocontrol agents. The project screens 346 Mediterranean Aspergillus strains to identify 1-2 elite dual-purpose agents that safeguard multiple crops across diverse environments, including IPCC 2050 climate change scenarios. The innovative methodology integrates three complementary objectives: first, selecting climate-adapted atoxigenic strains with enhanced sclerotia production and endophytic/biostimulant capabilities; second, investigating quorum-sensing mechanisms between atoxigenic and toxigenic strains through metabolomics-metagenomics approaches; third, evaluating entomopathogenic potential against the pistachio leaf beetle pest, creating unprecedented dual-functionality biocontrol solutions. Cranfield University provides ideal facilities under Prof. Medina's supervision (Environmental Sustainability Theme). A 4-month University of Córdoba secondment adds entomopathogenic validation through specialized facilities. Expected impacts: 85% reduction in aflatoxin, 25-125 cancer cases prevented annually, supporting EU pesticide reduction. AflaBiocontrol evaluates novel biocontrol agents in fig/nut orchards while positioning the fellow as leader in climate-resilient agricultural biotechnology.