Synchronous Southern Ocean Observatory

Antarctica and the Southern Ocean play vital roles in the Earth system, human societies, and economies through their influence on global climate, marine life, and sea level. Over recent decades, this region has slowed global warming by absorbing excess heat and anthropogenic carbon; yet its physical, chemical, and biological systems are increasingly under threat. The continued ability of this region to buffer climate change is highly uncertain in light of unexpected extremes, abrupt shifts, and growing human pressures such as pollution, fisheries, and marine traffic. Large uncertainties stem from limited observations and the inability of models to capture the complex coupled ocean–ice–atmosphere system: a direct consequence of the challenges of working in this vast and harsh environment. SYNCHRONY addresses these gaps by establishing a robust, internationally synchronised Antarctic observatory for sustained climate and ecosystem monitoring, developed in collaboration with SCAR, SOOS, and other international partners. It will substantially improve the observing system through optimisation with modelling and AI tools, enhanced implementation, more accessible and interoperable data systems, new product creation, and international coordination. Training, capacity building, and ongoing system assessment will ensure long-term sustainability. Essential datasets will be made accessible via SOOSmap and EMODnet and feed into the Copernicus Polar Hub, supporting better models, integration with Earth Observation, and extraction of key climate and biodiversity indicators for evidence-based decision making. By fostering collaboration with European and international partners, SYNCHRONY will deliver critical knowledge for sustainable Antarctic governance, directly contributing to EU and global policy priorities, including the European Green Deal and the UN 2030 Agenda.