Molecular Mechanisms of Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance

Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance (TEI) is the process by which carriers of non-genetic information, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs, are transmitted through the germline and across generations. Such heritable epigenetic information can contribute to phenotypes of major importance in diverse species including health, longevity, fertility and adaptation to environmental challenges including pollutants and pesticides. However, the molecular mechanisms governing TEI remain poorly understood. This research programme will investigate these molecular mechanisms. In a first instance, we will employ the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism to uncover the processes that govern the establishment and inheritance of heritable epigenetic variation. We will use an established TEI model system to detect the appearance of new “epimutations”, identify the molecular events that lead to their establishment, and track them through gametogenesis and development to determine their mechanism of inheritance. In a second instance, we will investigate the inheritance of an epigenetic phenotype of major importance: the swarming behaviour of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria. In so doing, we will characterise the epigenetic signals that inform the striking polyphenism observed in locusts, as well as determine the mechanism by which this behaviour is transmitted from parent to offspring.