Power and Paranoia: Conspiracy Theories in the Age of Revolutions, 1789-1848

This project investigates the creation and circulation of conspiracy theories in revolutionary-era Western Europe (1789-1848), adopting a transnational angle that focuses specifically on France, Britain, and Italy. It aims to understand why historical actors created conspiracy theories; why these narratives resonated with wide audiences; and what social and political impact they had. The project will trace the emergence across Europe of a shared conspiracy culture, which interpreted major historical developments and global history at large as being driven by the schemes of a small, international cabal of plotters seeking world domination. It will examine why some sociocultural and national contexts proved particularly conducive to the spread of conspiracy theories while others exhibited greater resistance, and it will explore why conspiracist beliefs thrived in times of revolution. The analysis will address the impact of conspiracy theories on the development of democratic systems, their role in processes of mass mobilisation, and their contribution to violence against political, religious, and racial minorities. Drawing on recent scholarship in intellectual, social, and cultural history and the history of emotions, this project distinguishes itself through its unique transnational lens and its broad chronological scope, and for incorporating insights from other disciplines, including literary and communication studies and anthropology. As conspiracist tropes spread widely across the globe and influence electoral processes, this project provides a timely contribution to historical scholarship and to ongoing discussions on the fight against misinformation that are taking place in academia, journalism, and policymaking, thus addressing one of the priorities of the European Commission’s Digital Services Act. It will also enhance the fellow’s research profile, positioning him ideally to secure a tenure-track position.