SynHG

Scientists are developing methods to build entire chromosomes and genomes from scratch, while simultaneously studying the social and ethical questions this technology raises. This research addresses a fundamental gap: current DNA synthesis can only produce small genetic fragments, but building whole genomes—the complete genetic instructions of an organism—remains technically out of reach. The project aims to create scalable tools that could assemble chromosomes and eventually entire genomes, a capability that does not yet exist. Crucially, the researchers are embedding social scientists directly into the technical development process, so that ethical considerations inform the technology from the start rather than being considered only after the fact. If successful, this work could transform how we understand and manipulate the blueprint of life. Synthetic genomes might one day enable the production of novel materials, medicines, or biofuels through engineered organisms, or help researchers study fundamental biological processes in ways natural genomes cannot. The social science component ensures that as these capabilities emerge, society has a voice in how they are used. This is primarily fundamental science. The project is building foundational tools and exploring their implications, not delivering a near-term product. Past fundamental advances in DNA synthesis have already enabled mRNA vaccines and gene therapies; this work could open similarly unexpected doors.